It is mainly intended to display the common morphological structure for normal components of various tissues and pathological changes. H-E stain is the basic and necessary method in biology, histology, pathology and cytology. It is widely used in diagnostics, teaching and research, with important values.
Principle:
The nucleolus, which is made up of acid materials, has a strong affinity for alkaline stain (Hematoxylin) while the cytoplasm, made up of alkaline materials, binds favorably to acid stain (Eosin). Therefore, in the presence of the H-E stain, nucleolus will be stained bright indigo blue by hematoxylin; cytoplasm, stroma, muscle fiber and collagen fiber will be varying shades of pink; and erythrocyte will be salmon pink.
Methods:
1. Deparaffinize tissue in two washes of xylene for 5 minutes each. Wash tissue twice in 95% ethanol for 1 minute each.
2. Place tissue in 80% ethanol for 1 minute, then rinse with tap water for 1 minute.
3. Stain for 3~5 minutes with Harris. Rinse with tap water for 1~2 minutes.
4. Place tissue in 0.5%~1% hydrochloric acid ethanol for a few seconds.
5. Wash the 'Blue' tissue in tap water, or with lithium carbonate solution, for 5~10 minutes, followed by another water rinse for 1~2 minutes.
6. Place tissue in Eosin for 30~60 seconds. Rinse with water.
7. Dehydrate tissue in 80% and 95% ethanol, respectively.
8. Dehydrate in 100% ethanol for 1~2 minutes, then clear in phenol xylene and xylene for 1~2 minutes each.
9. Mount with mounting media and examine microscopically.